The autonomous republics of the Soviet Union are subnational constituent republics constructed around a specific ethnic minority, subordinated to one of the national republics of the Soviet Union. They are mostly self-governing and constitutionally more autonomous from the republican government than the rest of the respective national republic.
There are also autonomous regions, which unlike the autonomous republics exist below the unitary level and thus have only devolved authority, but which function more or less the same as autonomous republics concerning self-governance.
The Soviet Union contains a total of 32 autonomous republics, 21 of which are located in the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.
Russian SFSR[]
- Adyghe Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
- Altai Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
- Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
- Buryat Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
- Chechnyan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
- Chuvash Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
- Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
- Dagestani Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
- Ingushetian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
- Kabardino-Balkarian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
- Kalmyk Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
- Karachay-Cherkess Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
- Komi Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
- Mari Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
- Mordovian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
- Sakha-Yakut Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
- North Ossetian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
- Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
- Tuvan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
- Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
- Khakassian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
Azerbaijan SSR[]
- Artsakh Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
- Nakhchivan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
Finnish SSR[]
Georgian SSR[]
- Abkhaz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
- Adjar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
Karelian SSR[]
Polish SSR[]
- Pomeranian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
- Silesian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
Ukrainian SSR[]
Uzbek SSR[]
- Karakalpak Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic